如是說999

(2017-08-02 15:19:05)

Humans can recognize emotions acrossall vocalizing land animals, researchers have found.

研究人员近日发现，人类可以识别所有可发声陆地动物的情感。

The research supports naturalistCharles Darwin’s views from over a century ago, when he observedthat humans and other animals express their emotions in similarways.

这项研究支持了一个多世纪以前博物学家达尔文的观点，当时他观察到人类和其他动物用相似的方式来表达自己的情感。

The findings could have applicationsfor animals welfare, as humans could rely on their instincts torecognize, for example, if an animal is stressed.

这些发现可能有利于动物福利，因为人类可以依靠自己的本能识别动物的情感，例如人类可以识别动物是否受到压力。

Previous research on the topic ofanimal vocalizations has suggested that animals understand humanemotional sounds.

以往对于动物发声课题的研究已经表明，动物能理解人类情感的声音。

For example, pet owners are usuallyattuned to this and their pets recognize their emotionaloutbursts.

举例来说，宠物主人通常会适应这种情况，而他们的宠物往往能够识别主人的情感爆发。

Previous studies have also suggestedthat acoustic attributes of emotional (aroused) vocalizations areshared across many mammal species, and that humans can use theseattributes to determine an animal’s emotional state.

以往的研究还表明，许多哺乳类动物在情感发声方面都有共同的的声学属性，而人类可以利用这种属性来确定动物的情感状态。

But researchers weren’t sure if thisalso extended to land animals that aren’t mammals.

但是研究人员不确定这一现象是否也适用于非哺乳类的陆地动物。

To find out, an international team ofresearchers gathered the voice recordings of a diverse group ofnine different species: The black-capped chickadee, hourglasstreefrog, American alligator, common raven, giant panda, barbarymacaque and the African bush elephant.

为弄清事实到底如何，一个国际研究小组收集了不同群体共 9 种不同动物的声音：包括黑顶山雀、沙漏树蛙、美洲短吻鳄、乌鸦、大熊猫、巴巴利猕猴和非洲丛林象。

Then, research participants wereasked to listen to the recordings and try to identify the emotionalstate of the animal who made it.

随后，研究参与者被要求听这些录音，然后分辨出发出这些声音动物的情感状态。

To rule out the possibility thatcertain sounds may be more recognizable by people who speak certainlanguage, the researchers recruited volunteers who spoke German,English or Mandarin.

为了排除某些声音可以被说某种语言的人识别这一可能性，研究人员们分别招募了说德语、英语和普通话的志愿者。

The researchers also carried out anacoustic analysis of the sounds on the recordings, comparing thesounds with people’s reactions to them and found that humans usemany acoustic clues to understand emotional noises made by otheranimals.

研究人员还对录音中的声音进行了声学分析，将声音与人们对其的反应进行比较，发现人类可以使用许多声学线索来理解其他动物发出的富含情感的声音。

SOURCE: http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_6252b0bb0102xf3e.html

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